IP Glossary: M


Madrid Protocol
Protocol Relating to the Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks. An international agreement that facilitates multiple trade mark applications from a single filing.

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Copyright in Photographs: Temple Island Collections and Creation Records

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In our very first NIPC newsletter which we published in June 1997 I wrote a case note on Mr. Justice Lloyd's decision in  Creation Records Ltd. and Others v News Group Newspapers Ltd   [1997] EMLR 444, [1997] EWHC Ch 370, (1997) 16 Tr LR 544. In that case Mr. Noel Gallagher of Oasis and others applied for an interlocutory injunction to restrain The Sun from offering for sale and selling a poster of Oasis that featured a photo of an elaborate set that included a white Rolls Royce in a country club swimming pool. The Sun's photograph was very similar to the photograph that appeared on an Oasis album cover. The similarity arose because The Sun's photographer shot the same scene at roughly the same time and from the same angle as Mr. Gallagher's photographer but he did not reproduce any part of Oasis's print or negative. The learned judge held that the plaintiffs had no arguable case for infringement of copyright though he accepted that they had an arguable case for br...
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The Lambert Toolkit - Templates for Collaboration between Businesses and Universities

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Sir Richard Lambert Author FT Licence CC BY 2.0   Source Wikipedia Richard Lambert J ane Lambert Much of the research into COVID-19  is being undertaken by universities in collaboration with biotech and pharmaceutical companies. Collaboration between businesses and universities has been particularly successful in the USA where it has resulted in Silicon Valley and the Boston to Cambridge life sciences cluster.  There have been similar developments in other countries, notably China, Israel and South Korea. The former Chancellor of the Exchequer. Gordon Brown understood the importance of collaboration between businesses and universities. In 2002 he arranged for the Treasury, Department for Education and Skills and Department for Trade and Industry to commission Richard Lambert to report on business and university collaboration (see HM Treasury press release " Government welcomes Business - University Collaboration Review" 4 Dec 2003). Lambert...
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Copyright: What is meant by "a Substantial Part"

S. 16 (3) (a) of the  Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988  provides that references in Part I of the Act to the doing of an act restricted by the copyright in a work are to the doing of it in relation to the work as a whole or any  substantial par t of it. The question what is a "substantial part" for the purposes of this Act has been considered by the House of Lords on no less than three occasions. Qualitative Test In  Ladbroke (Football) Ltd. v. William Hill (Football) Ltd.  [1964] 1 W.L.R. 273 their lordships emphasized that the test of substantiality was qualitative rather than quantitative. A case that illustrates that point better than most is  Warwick Film Productions Ltd. v Eisinger  [1969] 1 Ch 508 where the volume of material that had been copied was considerable but such material did not constitute a substantial part of the claimant's work because it had itself been copied from an earlier work. The question then arises, as Lord Hoffmann observed at paragrap...
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